1. Types of explosion-proof tools
The explosion-proof tools produced in our country have developed from two varieties in the early 1980 s to nearly 40 varieties and more than 300 specifications such as hand tools, fire tools, lifting fixtures, backing plates and transmission parts.
2. Management of explosion-proof tools
Quality management
(1) according to the "explosion-proof tools" national standard GBl0686-10693- 89 copper alloy tools explosion-proof performance test method, manufacturers in normal production, every 2 to 3 years should be made of products made of materials samples sent to the national designated testing unit, for periodic explosion-proof performance test.
After passing the test, it is clearly pointed out in the test report and product instruction manual in which type of gas is tested, so that the user can understand.
(2) For the materials used for explosion-proof tools, when casting ingredients, when each element material (such as electrolytic copper plate) enters the factory, the supply department shall hold the manufacturer's material list, and the factory shall have the laboratory test list before warehousing.
The warehouse is sent to the casting workshop for batching. If there is no material qualification list, the workshop has the right to refuse picking.
(3) The measurement of ingredients, first of all, set up metering points in the raw material warehouse to ensure accurate access to the warehouse.
The metering point in front of the furnace in the workshop (melting and casting) shall be specially set up to call a part-time metering staff, which can only be smelted in the furnace after being approved and signed.
(4) Explosion-proof tool materials for harmful elements, strict control after smelting, each batch or each furnace (no matter how many weight or volume) must be tested.
However, at present, there is no test in front of the furnace, so we can only wait.
Testing can only be carried out during casting, so during smelting, when the temperature of the furnace charge reaches the process regulations, the furnace charge temperature, the furnace worker shall notify the part-time inspector by visual inspection (experience) to retest and approve with a thermometer, and use a small spoon to mix the evenly stirred metal 1 spoon (3 spoons in total) of the furnace front sample.
The furnace head immediately hits the sample with a hand hammer to bend it to a specified angle.
The part-time inspector will knock the sample and break the metal section for visual inspection.
The casting can be poured only after the metallographic examination is approved by experience, and the sample shall be submitted to the laboratory for testing. After the test results are qualified, the qualified castings can be transferred to the next process for processing.
(5) For physical performance samples of explosion-proof materials, 6 standard cast test blocks shall be taken every month, and no more than one test block shall be taken every day for each furnace.
After passing the inspection, make a permanent mark and submit it to the physical performance laboratory.
The test strips and test blocks with the above chemical and physical properties shall be kept by the physical and chemical department.
(6) the inspection of other processes, such as forging heat treatment, gold cutting and other processes, should also be clear about its key.
Such as forging workshop processing, the workpiece needs to be heated to the same temperature combustion, fuel heating conditions on the metallographic structure is changed and affected, should be sampled, repeated physical and chemical tests.
The same should be true for the heat treatment process, but the methods of heat treatment are varied; mainly heating and cooling.
The workpiece made of explosion-proof material is very unusual for penetrating different elements. The sample made of explosion-proof material must not only repeat the provisions of (4) and (5), but also be considered qualified according to the explosion-proof performance test specified in the GBl0686.
In addition to the anti-rust sleeve, no other paint shall be applied to the surface treatment.
The focus of cold working is to ensure the geometric shape, to ensure the use of users, and to manufacture according to design.
Usage management
Explosion-proof tool is a special safety tool, which has the characteristics of no spark when the tool collides with the workpiece and friction.
Most of the varieties and specifications are evolved according to steel tools, but they are made of multi-element non-ferrous metals based on copper, and some products are specially designed.
Therefore, there are certain requirements for the use method, maintenance, storage and transportation.
Only by fully understanding, reasonable selection, proper use and storage of it, can we give full play to its various performance advantages.
Therefore, users should strictly observe the following precautions.
(1) Explosion-proof tools are a kind of safety protection products, so users must purchase products that have been tested and identified by nationally recognized explosion-proof performance test units.
When buying, you must carefully understand the scope of adaptation, performance, characteristics, use methods and precautions specified in the manual.
In addition, the tool body is usually marked with "Ex" logo, and the well has a certificate of conformity.
No sign of the tool can not be purchased to use.
(2) Before using explosion-proof tools, the combustible gas in the workplace should be compared with the explosion-proof test gas; products that pass the test with higher-level media can be used in places with lower-level media.
Conversely, according to the lower level of media test qualified products can not be used in a higher level of danger. If there is a special need, please ask the manufacturer to go to the testing unit to pass the test before using it.
Obviously, it should not be used as an ordinary tool in non-hazardous places, so as not to lose its proper performance.
It should be pointed out that do not casually replace the use, such as the current production of varieties and specifications can not meet the needs of users, to apply for special design and manufacturing.
(3) The explosion-proof medium is high-strength and corrosion-resistant in most medium gases.
But not in all cases are corrosion resistant, such as in wet ammonia, some ammonium salts, acetylene, wet fluorine, chlorine, chromium ammonium, some dichromate, potassium hydride and other media, the degree of corrosion is considerable.
And some media and copper alloy contact will occur after the chemical reaction, the generation of high risk of explosive substances, such as acetylene and tempered acetylene steel.
To this end, the use of explosion-proof tools, as far as possible in a dry environment, such as impossible to avoid the use of humid environment, as far as possible to speed up the operation speed, reduce the working time, in order to avoid causing greater corrosion and danger.
Wipe clean at any time after use, and it is strictly prohibited to store with corrosive media.
(4) All kinds of wrenches for explosion-proof hand tools have different rated strengths. It is strictly prohibited to add casing for overload use. Except for knocking wrenches, it is not allowed to knock, so as not to cause fracture and deformation due to overload and affect normal use.
In the process of using tools, the varieties and specifications of tools should be reasonably selected according to the needs. Small tools should not be replaced by large ones, and it should not be treated as steel tools. It should also be pointed out that when using live wrenches, pipe tongs and rigid wrenches, attention should be paid to the requirements of the force direction, and no arbitrary reverse force should be used. When using tools with blades, the hardness of the workpiece itself should be measured first. For example, should be careful and careful operation, higher than the hardness of the tool is prohibited to use.
When the workpiece is fixed by motor tightening, semi-permanent or due to long-term corrosion, and the use of hand tools before taking other measures, should be prohibited to use, so as not to damage the tool.
(5) After the explosion-proof tools are disabled, they should be wiped clean at any time. Those not used within half a year shall be oiled or preserved by anti-corrosion method, and those not used for more than one year shall be oiled and stored in bags or boxes.
For used tools, some parts of the natural wear or damage, especially with the edge of the tool. Trimming can be done in non-hazardous sites.
If the damage and wear are serious and it is not suitable for self-repair, it should be scrapped and no sick operation is allowed.

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